Here is a common situation. A small importer gets a large purchase order from a prized client, such as a big box retailer. To fulfill the transaction, they will have to buy the goods from their foreign supplier, who will ask for a pre-payment. The supplier will then manufacture and deliver the goods to the end customer. And once received, the customer will take anywhere between 30 to 60 days to pay for them. As you can see, these types of transactions have very demanding cash flows, leaving the importer with a serious financial dilemma: if the order is too big/expensive they will risk losing the order and the client.
What can they do?
Financing this type of transaction is very difficult because most financial institutions will not consider purchase orders as valuable collateral. However, there is one financing solution that has been gaining traction in recent years. It’s purchase order financing. Purchase order funding is designed to finance importing transactions that meet the following criteria:
- The transaction must be a strict product resale (you can’t manufacture the goods directly)
- The supplier must accept payment by letter of credit
- Both your supplier and your customer must have good commercial credit and good reputation
- Gross profit margins must be of at least 30%
The transaction is structured by using an intermediary finance company that pays your supplier, usually with a letter of credit, enabling them to manufacture and deliver the goods to your customer. The transaction is then settled once your customer receives the goods and pays for them in full.
It’s a common practice to use factoring in combination with purchase order financing. What usually happens is that the transaction starts as a purchase order funding transaction and then becomes a factoring transaction once the goods are delivered to the customer and invoiced for. Generally, factoring is less expensive than purchase order financing, so combining both products usually lowers total transaction costs.
Qualifying for purchase order funding is generally easier than qualifying for most conventional business financing products. There are a few requirements though. First and foremost, your customer must have excellent commercial credit. This is critical because the finance company is funding this transaction based on your customers ability to pay. Aside from that, your company must also:
- Have accounts receivable that are not encumbered by liens
- Have experience in the type of transactions that require funding
- Only sell finished goods from third party suppliers
- Be free of legal and tax issues
- Have owners that have a good reputation and industry experience
One of the biggest benefits of using purchase order financing is that it can enable small and growing companies to fulfill purchase orders that exceed their current levels of capitalization. This makes purchase order funding an ideal solution for commercial importing businesses that have growing purchase orders.
